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Theories of urban planning
Planning Theory is the body of scientific concepts, definitions, behavioral relationships, and assumptions that define the body of knowledge of urban planning. There are eight procedural theories of planning that remain the principal theories of planning procedure today: the rational-comprehensive approach, the incremental approach, the transactive approach, the communicative approach, the advocacy approach, the equity approach, the radical approach, and the humanist or phenomenological approach.
==Background==
The modern origins of urban planning lie in the movement for urban reform that arose as a reaction against the disorder of the industrial city in the mid-19th century. Urban planning exists in various forms and it addresses many different issues.〔Van Assche, K., Beunen, R., Duineveld, M., De Jong, H. (2012) ''(Co-evolutions of planning and design )''. Planning Theory 12(2): 177-192〕 Urban planning can include urban renewal, by adapting urban planning methods to existing cities suffering from decline. Alternatively, it can concern the massive challenges associated with urban growth, particularly in the Global South.
In the late 20th century, the term sustainable development has come to represent an ideal outcome in the sum of all planning goals.〔Wheeler, Stephen (2004). "Planning Sustainable and Livable Cities", Routledge; 3rd edition.〕
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